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Sub-Saharan African countries account for around one-third of the total, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter 2 together representing over 40% of the overall). Consisting of, there has been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the five years pre- and post-pandemic ).

and ranked greater than others; UAE is up more than 45 places in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman rose 17 ranks throughout the duration. The trapped or even worse off countries are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural improvement has stalled.
shows a significant boost in average EDI scores from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the initial period versus 2020-24). with UAE outshining in the trade sub-index (supported by recent bilateral trade arrangements & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partly offered the surge in medium & modern manufacturing information).

Its diversity metrics have actually stagnated, revealing the least improvement in between the initial (2000-04) and final (2020-24) referral periods., despite the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon growth was supported by the GCC's robust domestic need (supported by a strong task pipeline and implementation) and strong services sector efficiency.
Kuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in an increase in non-hydrocarbon revenue, "mainly showing non-hydrocarbon tax base expansions and earnings collection effectiveness enhancements", according to the IMF. In the existing geopolitical environment characterized by magnifying, it is in the very best interests of product reliant countries to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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